FOURTH PĀDA. Topic 1 - The Mahat and Avyakta of the Katha Upanishad do not refer to the Sānkhya’s categories Sutra 1,4.1 आनुमानिकमप्येकेषामिति चेत्, न, शरीररूपकविन्यस्तगृहीतेः, दर्शयति च ॥ १ ॥ ānumānikamapyekeṣāmiti cet, na, śarīrarūpakavinyastagṛhīteḥ, darśayati ca || 1 || ānumānikam —That which is inferred ( i.e. the Pradhāna); api —also; ekeṣām —in some (recensions of the texts); iti cet

Topic 2 - The Tri-coloured Ajā of the Śvetāśvatara Upanishad is not the Sānkhya’s Pradhāna Sutra 1,4.8 चमसवदविशेषात् ॥ ८ ॥ camasavadaviśeṣāt || 8 || camasavat —Like the bowl; aviśeṣāt —for want of special characteristics. 8. (The word ‘Ajā’ cannot be asserted to mean the Pradhāna) for want of special characteristics, as in the case of the bowl. In the

Topic 3 - The fivefold five people of Brih. 4. 4. 17 are not the twenty-five Sānkhya’s categories Sutra 1,4.11 न संख्योपसंग्रहादपि, नानाभावादतिरेकाच्च ॥ ११ ॥ na saṃkhyopasaṃgrahādapi, nānābhāvādatirekācca || 11 || na —not; saṃkhyopasaṃgrahādapi —even from the statement of the number; nānābhāvāt —on account of the differences; atirekāt —on account of the excess; ca —and. 11. Even from the

Topic 4 - There is no contradiction in the scriptures as regards the fact that Brahman is the First Cause Sutra 1,4.14 कारणत्वेन चाकाशादिषु यथाव्यपदिष्टोक्तेः ॥ १४ ॥ kāraṇatvena cākāśādiṣu yathāvyapadiṣṭokteḥ || 14 || kāraṇatvena —As the (First) Cause; ca —and; ākāśādiṣu —as regards ether and so on; yathā-vyapadiṣṭokteḥ —being represented (in other texts) as taught (in one text). 14.

Topic 5 - He who is the maker of the sun, moon, etc., is Brahman and not Prāṇa (the vital force) or the individual soul Sutra 1,4.16 जगद्वाचित्वात् ॥ १६ ॥ jagadvācitvāt || 16 || jagat-vācitvāt —Because (it) denotes the world. 16. (He of whom all this is the work is Brahman) because (the work) denotes the world. The Sānkhya

Topic 6 - The Self to be seen through hearing etc. is Brahman Sutra 1,4.19 वाक्यान्वयात् ॥ १९ ॥ vākyānvayāt || 19 || vākya-anvayāt —On account of the connected meaning of passages. 19. (The Self to be seen, to be heard, etc. is Brahman) on account of the connected meaning of the passages. In spite of the conclusion arrived at

Topic 7 - Brahman is also the material cause of the world Sutra 1,4.23 प्रकृतिश्च प्रतिज्ञादृष्टान्तानुपरोधात् ॥ २३ ॥ prakṛtiśca pratijñādṛṣṭāntānuparodhāt || 23 || prakṛtiḥ —Material cause; ca —also; pratijñā-dṛṣṭānta-anuparodhāt —not being contradictory to the proposition and illustrations. 23. (Brahman is) the material cause also, (on account of this view alone) not being contradictory to the proposition and the illustrations

Topic 8 - The arguments which refute the Sānkhyas refute also others Sutra 1,4.28 एतेन सर्वे व्याख्याता व्याख्याताः ॥ २८ ॥ etena sarve vyākhyātā vyākhyātāḥ || 28 || etena —By this; sarve —all; vyākhyātāḥ —are explained. 28. By this all (doctrines with reference to the origin of the world contrary to the Vedānta texts) are explained. Hereby, i.e. by the

Brahma Sutras: Chapter 2 Pāda 4 Topic 1 - The organs are produced from Brahman Topic 2 - The number of the organs Topics 3-4 Topic 3 - The organs are minute in size Topic 4 - The chief Prāṇa (vital force) also is created from Brahman Topic 5 - The chief vital force is different from air and sense